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- *******************************
- * Lipases, serine active site *
- *******************************
-
- Triglyceride lipases (EC 3.1.1.3) [1] are lipolytic enzymes that hydrolyzes
- the ester bond of triglycerides. Lipases are widely distributed in animals,
- plants and prokaryotes. In higher vertebrates there are at least three tissue-
- specific isozymes: pancreatic, hepatic, and gastric/lingual. These three types
- of lipases are closely related to each other as well as to lipoprotein lipase
- (EC 3.1.1.34) [2], which hydrolyzes triglycerides of chylomicrons and very low
- density lipoproteins (VLDL).
-
- The most conserved region in all these proteins is centered around a serine
- residue which has been shown [3] to participate, with an histidine and an
- aspartic acid residue, to a charge relay system. Such a region is also present
- in lipases of prokaryotic origin and in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
- (EC 2.3.1.43) (LCAT) [4], which catalyzes fatty acid transfer between
- phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. We have built a pattern from that region.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIV]-x-[LIVFY]-[LIVST]-G-[HYWV]-S-x-G-[GSTAC]
- [S is the active site residue]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: 11.
-
- -Note: Drosophila vitellogenins are also related to lipases [5], but they have
- lost their active site serine.
-
- -Last update: December 1992 / Pattern and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Chapus C., Rovery M., Sarda L., Verger R.
- Biochimie 70:1223-1234(1988).
- [ 2] Persson B., Bengtsson-Olivecrona G., Enerback S., Olivecrona T.,
- Joernvall H.
- Eur. J. Biochem. 179:39-45(1989).
- [ 3] Blow D.
- Nature 343:694-695(1990).
- [ 4] McLean J., Fielding C., Drayna D., Dieplinger H., Baer B., Kohr W.,
- Henzel W., Lawn R.
- Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:2335-2339(1986).
- [ 5] Baker M.E.
- Biochem. J. 255:1057-1060(1988).
-